Artifakia

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- the presence of an artificial lens in the eye after a cataract operation performed earlier with the implantation of an artificial lens.

An eye with an artificial lens is called artifakichny.
Intraocular correction of aphakia has several advantages over spectacle. It is more physiological, eliminates the dependence of patients on glasses, does not give a narrowing of the visual field, peripheral cattle, distortion of objects. An image of normal size is formed on the retina. Intraocular lenses are usually made from rigid (polymethyl methacrylate, leucosapphire, etc.) and soft (silicone, hydrogel, polyurethane methacrylate, collagen copolymer, etc.) material.

In one eye, you can enter immediately two artificial lens. If for any reason the optics of an artifakin eye turned out to be incompatible with the optics of the other eye, then it is supplemented with another artificial lens of the necessary diopter.

Currently, there are many IOL designs. According to the principle of attachment in the eye, there are three main types of artificial lenses:

• Anterior chamber lenses are placed in the anterior chamber of the eye and find support in the corner of the anterior chamber. They are in contact with very sensitive tissues of the eye - the iris and the cornea. These lenses provoke the formation of synechiae in the corner of the anterior chamber of the eye, which explains their rare use at present;
• pupillary lenses. They are inserted into the pupil on the principle of clips, these lenses are held by the front and rear support elements. They are inserted into the pupil on the principle of clips, these lenses are held by the front and rear supporting (haptic) elements. The first lens of this type - the Fedorov-Zakharov lens - has 3 rear arms and 3 front antennas. In the 60–70s of the 20th century, when mainly intracapsular cataract extraction was used, the Fedorov-Zakharov lens was widely used throughout the world. Its main disadvantage is the possibility of dislocation of the supporting elements or the entire lens;
• posterior chamber lenses are placed in the lens bag after removal of the nucleus and cortical masses during extracapsular cataract extraction. They take the place of the natural lens in the overall complex optical system of the eye, therefore, provide the highest quality of vision. ZKL better than others strengthen the separation barrier between the anterior and posterior parts of the eye, prevent the development of many severe postoperative complications, such as secondary glaucoma, retinal detachment, etc. They contact only with the lens capsule, which has no nerves and vessels, and is not capable of an inflammatory reaction. This type of lens is currently preferred. ZKL can be distinguished posterior capsular, which is attached directly to the capsule. They are used in cases where after a previous injury the transparent lens bag has not been preserved, and only a condensed, opaque posterior capsule has remained, which has fused with the remnants of the anterior one.

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An artificial lens, also known as an intraocular lens (IOL), is a plastic lens that is implanted in the eye to replace your own lens because of its opacity or for the purpose of surgery ...